So I have a sample that peaks at -10db, I normalize it with a setting of -10db expecting -10db back but I get -13db.
If I normalise anything to 0db it renders to -3db.
Event volume at 0db, no fades, no effects or channel settings.
Using Cubase 9.0.1
Anyone know what’s happening?
Thanks
-3db pan law is happening.
Please don’t ask me to explain any further though…it confuses the hell out of me 
what are you using to measure the loudness,some loudness plugins read 3db less than others don`t ask me why,but is explained somewhere on da web ,if you are using Voxengo span to read the loudness set the metering switch to DBFS+3db.
Ah your right! It’s a mono sample. When I pan hard left or right it does peak at -10 db as expected, but panned to the centre it peaks at -13db. That’s weird.
Thanks for the help!