I would say, these problems are linked. Install Microsoft Visual C++ Redistributable Package (depending on your system). Make sure, your system is up to date, please.
I wonder Cubase installer didn’t ask you to install it. Could you try to run the full installer once again, please? Please make sure you unZIP the installer first. Also make sure, you install it as administrator.
You asked, if it’s possible to fix it. Does it mean it worked in previous Cubase version(s)? My guess is, that by enabling the filter, Windows stop to use some part of GUI, which is necessary for Cubase. If my guess is correct, then I’m afraid there wouldn’t be an easy fix.